Fuel system for oil burners



April 30, 1929.

L. s. CHADWICK FUEL SYSTEM FOR OIL BURNERS 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 21, 1924 April 30, 1929- I L. s. CHADWICK 1,711,457

FUEL SYSTEM FOR OIL BURNERS Filed March 21, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ,Z Y J 8 I I I I dri i -3y Sh April 0, 1929. L. s. CHADWICK FUEL SYSTEM FOR OIL BURNERS Filed March 21, 1924 3 SheetsSheet 5 -a::llIIl/IIIIII III IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIA Patented Apr. 30, 1929.

UNITED STATES 1,711,457 PATENT. OFFICE}.

E s. oHADwIcK, or SHAKER HEIGHTS, 01110, ASSIGNOR 'roj PERFECTION s'rovn COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, oHIo, A CORPORATION OF'OHIO.

FUEL sYscrnm FOR on. BURNERS; I 1 Application 'filed March 21, 1924s .Serial mi. 709,767. v I

Tlhis invention relates to -the class of liquid fuel burners wherein the burner is suppliedwith fuel from a reservoir sustained at such an elevation that the fuel is fed by gravity 5 to the burner, the reservoir comprising, in the type of apparatus to which my invention more especially pertains, a container-as for example, a glass bottlethat is inverted 'over a distributing receptacle wherein the in liquid fuel accumulates in such quantity as to seal the mouth of the container or bottle, the liquid level in the receptacle determining approximately what the liquid level in the,

burner shall be. Any marked deviation Hi from this level in the burner results in unsatisfactory opcration, and in case the level rises considerably above normal there is danger of thefuel flooding or overflowing the burner with the liability of serious consequences. I l

In stoves and like apparatus incorporating burners and fuel supply systems of the class described, considerable difficulty has been experienced from the stoves or apparatus being stood upon supports or floors which were not level or substantially so. A slight inclination is not serious, but in some instances where trouble has been re ported it has. been found that the apparatus is inclined at a grade of approximately two inches in the length of the ordinary stove. "he primary purpose of my invention is to obviate the above mentioned difiiculty by providing an overflow on each side of the burner in the direction in which the reservoir is spaced from the burner so that in case the stove or apparatus is tilted materially in said direction the liquid fuel will escape from the system at a point remote from the burner and thus avoid the liquid level rising within the burner to a danger point or above the maximum fuel level therein.

A further object of the invention is .to incorporate in the apparatus means for conveniently draining the fuel system.

A still further objectv of the invention is to provide an attachment for stoves and apparatus of the nature above described through which the foregoing objects are attained, and in addition thereto, through which the fuel capacity of the stove or apparatus is materially increased.

Further and more specific objects relating to structural improvements, and resulting in efliciency, strength, durability, dependability, economy and simplicity, willbecome apparent as this description proceeds, reference beinghad to theaccompanyin drawings wherein Fig.1 is a front elevation of a liqu d fuel stove incorporating one form of myinvention; Fig. 2 is a repetition of the left hand end of Fig. lshowing aniodifiea- -tion of the invention; Figs. 3 and 4' are left hand end elevations of, the einbo'dinients shown, respectively, in Figs; 1 and 2,;"Fig. 5 1s a section on the line 5' 5of Fig.-'3;'Fig. 6 is an enlarged'fragmentary longitudinal section through the auxiliary fuel reservoir attachment shown inFigs. 1, 3 and Fig.

7 is a sectional detail of a modified form of connection betweenthe auxiliary :fuel. reservoir and thefuel supply pipepfthefstove; F 1g. 81s a sectional detailohfthfliiilS-S of Fig. 4; Fig. 9 is a'similarview showing a. modmed form ,of 'oint, and Fig. '10; is aperspective View 0 a bracket em lbya in the modified-form of the invention illu strated in Figs. .2, 4, Sand 9.."

The inventionis applicable to li fuel stoves, ranges, water heaters and l' eapparatus, and I have. elected to show itiherein as incorporated in a liquid fuel cookistove of the stand type. The frame structure'may be of any approved form, the,one,.illustrated comprising a top' l, a base 2, and pan 3 which are supported in parallel'relation to each other, andat suitable, distances apart, by legs 5 which, as-shown'injFig. 5,

are of angular formation. Extendin across each end of the stove is a panel ,7 w ich, at its lower end, extends alongside the adjacent end flange 8 of .the base2 and is curled inwardly about the lower edge thereof as best seen in Figs. 6 and 7. back'panel 10 extends from end to end of the stove and from the top 1 to the base 2. Theback panel is stiffened at its longitudinal' center by a vertical rib 11, and aboutvopenings 12 by beads 13. The openings, 12 are for the accommodation of rearwardly tilting drums or fines 15 of burner 16 that areflsu ported above a fuel suppl pipe 17 sustaine by the end panels? in a horizontal position a suitable distance above the base 2. The connection between the supply pipe 17' and the end panels 7 is effected through brackets 18 that are secured to the end panels and extend inwardly therefrom and to which the pipe is fastened by clips 19. This is in accordance 'with well established practice.

The burners 16. are shown as connected to the pipe 17 through elbow fittings 20 that also is common :practic e.=-and so far as the present invention is concerned may be replaced by any approved-means of connecting the .burners to the supply pipe so.as to establish communication between the burners and the pipe. The suppl pipe extends through aperturesin the en panels 7 and at the right handend ofthe'stove is inclined upwardly where it is' connected. to a dis-- trib'uting receptacle23 that is partly sup ported by the *supply pipe and partly by a bracket 24 fromthe adjacent end panel. Hingedly connected at 25 to the receptacle 23 iisa'c'arrier 26 for a'fli uid fuel container 27that is' preferably in t e form of a glass bottle." 'Surmounting the carrier 26 is a shelfj28 that'is sustained by a bracket 29 with its top surface in "the plane of the corresponding surface of the stove top 1. The carrier 26,:together'witha shelf 28, is adapted tolbe swung from the position wherein it is illustrated to" an inverted posi-' ttion in front of the receptacle 23, \Vhen in the latter position, apart 30 of the carrier rests against a stop 31 that extends from the frame of. the stove.

Patent Nos. 1,209,811'*and "1,448,333, issued respectively, wherein the construction and operation of similar fuel supply systems are illustrated and described, it will be seen that when thexcarrier'2 6 is in inverted position the container orbottle 27 may be set into it so that when the carrier is swung to normal position the container orbottle is inverted over the receptacle 23.

Adapted to be supported adjacent the left 3 hand end of the stove is a distributing roicepta cle 35 to which is hin'gedly connected at v 36 a carrier 37 for a container or bottle 38.

, ing legs 5.

These elements are duplicates of the equivalent elements situated at the right hand end -of the stove and which have ust been described. -A bracket 40 connects the receptacle 35 with across member 41 that has its ends 42 engaged between the front and rear edge portions ofi the adjacent end panel 7 and the opposed flanges of the correspond- A brace 43 extends downwardly from the central portion of the cross member 41 and then inwardly where its lower end is'formed to provide a hook 44 that embraces the lower edge portion of the end panel 7 and the flange 8 of the base 2. A stop 45 extends forwardly and outwardly from the angle of the brace 43 in a position to be engaged by a part 46 of the car.-

, rier 37 when the carrier is in inverted position. I

A pipe fitting 50 has a branch 51 that is connected to the receptacle 35 and a branch "35; and t reference to 'United States Letters the brace 43 and .beyond which it is threaded are boundito the pipe by clamps 21. This for the application of a sleeve. 54 arranged .to receive-the left hand end o-f'the fuel supply pipe 17. The end of the supply pipe is.s'l1own in the prescntcase as smooth and as telescoping within the slee've'54; and a liquid tight joint is effected between the pipe and said sleeve'by a gland nut 55 which screws on the sleeve and contains a washer overflow openingsGO are formed in :the enlarged upperends of the receptacles 23 and esc openings are in a horizontal plane corresponding to the maximum liquid fuel level within the burners 16, and are somewhat above the normal liquid level within the receptacles. As previously explained, the containers 27 and 38 are liquid sealed and ordinarily the liquid within the receptacles 23 and '35 stands at 'an elevation very slightly above the mouths of the containers, as shown inFig. 6.

Assuming that the liquid fuel is at about the elevation indicated in Fig. 6 in both receptacles 23'-'and 35, under which circumstances the stove would be standing substantially level, the fuel Within the burners 16 would be at the same level. Should, through any cause, as by an accidental tilting of one of the containers, a quantity of 'fuel be discharged into the system suiiicient 'to bring the level therein above the lower edges of the openings 60, the excess fuel would flow outft-hrough said openings at points so remote from the burners as to create no dangerous conditions, while the liquid level within the burners would not rise above the plane of the lower edges of the openings 60, indicatedby the line ae-a of Fig. 1, this line representing the maximum liquid fuel level within the burners.

Should the'stove be tilted endwise, as by being placed upon an uneven support or by being stood upon a floor that is not level, the liquid fuel within the system will flow to the lower end; and should the angle of inclination be great enough to bring the openings 60 at one end of the stove into a horizontal plane at about, or below, that of the mouth of the container situated at the other end of the stove, the fuel would simply waste through the system, discharging through the lower openings 60 until the contents of the containers is exhausted. Naturally, such a situation would compel the user to level the stove suiliciently to insure satisfactory operation.

'W'hile the foregoing embodiment of the invention has in view the provision of about said threads.

.fore capable of. 'etficient o eration, it also has in view a comparative y simple attachment that may be conveniently applied to an oil stove or apparatus for increasing the fuel capacity thereof, such an arrangement obviously making it unnecessary to replenish the oil supply as frequently as in stoves having only one reservoir. Stoves equipped with the auxiliary reservoirs are especially suitable for. use in restaurants and like places where the demand on the stove is heavy and practically continuous.

The construction of the auxiliary con tainer or reservoir herein illustrated is especially convenient of attachment, it being only necessary to loosen the fastening means which hold the legs and the end panel together sufficiently to permit the parts to separate so that the ends 42 of the cross member 41 may be engaged between said parts, and when the ends 42- are placed inside the flanges of the legs 5, and the hook 44 engaged about the lower edge of the end panel terminal of its food pipe threaded and closed by a. screw cap, similar to the one indicated at 58, the cap may be removed and the gland nut applied to the threaded end of the pipe precisely as above described. the gland nut slipping over the threads of the pipe and serving to con'ipress the packing washer 56 However, in such instances, it may be found preferable to equip the attachment with the. form of connection illustrated in Fig. 7 where a relatively small tube '65 extends axially from the branch 52 of the fitting 50'through an aperture in the brace 43 and is adapted to be inserted into the end of the fuel feed pipe 17. A, gland nut 66 surrounds the tube and is arranged to be screwed 'onto the threaded end of the pipe 17 and compress between the end wall of the nut and opposed end surface of the pipe a washer 68 of lead or the like.

So far as the overflow feature is concerned, advantages pertaining thereto and attributed to the foregoing embodiment. of the invention are attained in the very simple modification illustrated in Figs. 2. 4 and 8.

A spout 70 is here employed and it has a lateral branch 71 at its inner end that is engaged over the. end of the fuel supply pipe 17 and the end of said branch is reduced and threaded for the application of a gland nut.

' 72 which is arranged to com 'n'css a packing washer or element 73 about the pipe 17 and effectively seal .the joint between said pipe and the spout 70, the joint being of such nature as will permit the spout to be turned with respect to the pipe. A bracket 75 is secured, as by bolts 76, to the end panel 7 and its outer end is forked, as shownat 78 in Fig. 10, to embrace the reduced end portion 7 Lbetween the inner end of the nut 72 and the shoulder formed by the reduction in diameter of said branch. The bracket serves to preventmovement of'the spout lengthwise of the pipe 17 while permitting rotation of the former. The spout is normallyheld in an upright position by means of a spring tongue or latch 79 which may be formed integral with the bracket 75. When the spout is in upright position its upper end is in substantially the plane of the bottom edges of the overflow openings 60in the reservoir 23, as indicated by the continuation in Fig. 2 of the line wa of Fig. 1. g

When it is desired to drain the system, the spout 70 may be turned downwardly for such purpose. l i

In Fig. 9 the spout is shown as having a relatively small tube 80jinserted, within its lateral'branch 71. The tube 80 is adapted to be telescoped within the end of the pipe 17 while a glandnut 82 is screwed onto the threaded end of the pipe to compress a washer 83 of lead or thelike about the tube 80 to effectively seal the joint between said tube and the pipe. This modification is substantially the same as that illustratedin Fig. 7 in connection with the first described embodiment of the invention.

In the manufacture of stoves embodying my invention, it is my intention to equip them with the overflow and drain spout, as illustrated inFigs. 2, 4 and 8; and should a purchaser wish to increase the oil capacity of the stove, he may procure the attachment illustrated in Figs. 1, 3, 5 and 6 and substitute it for the spout.

The modifications of the two forms illustrated respectively in Figs. 7 and 9are for use on stoves which, in the original instance, had theirfeed pipes threaded and closed by screw caps, similar to cap 58, as hereinbefore described.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim is Y 1. In combination, a liquid fuel burner. a fuel system having connection with the bnrner'so as to supply fuel thereto, and a frame structure supporting the burner and the fuel supply system in fixed relation to each other, said system having overflow openings spaced from the burner on opposite sides thereof and at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner.

2. In combination. a supporting structure. a. liquid fuel feed pipe sustained thereby. a burner connected to'said pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, and overflow means communicating with the pipe on opposite sides of the burner and having overto the maximum "a liquid fuel reservoir sustained thereby, a

burner supported by the structure, a feed pipe leading from the reservoir to ar po nt beyond the burner, the burner having connection' with the-feed, pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, overflow means connected to the pipe heyond'the burner, sa1d means and .he aforesaid reservoir having overflow opensaid means and said ings at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner.

- 4. In combination, a supporting structure, a distributing receptacle sustained thereby, a burner supported by the structure, a feed pipe leading from the distributing receptaele to a point beyond the burner, the burner having connection with said pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, overflow means connected .to the pipe beyond the burner, distributing receptacle having overflow openings at an elevatlon corresponding to-the maximum fuel level in the burner,'and a liquid fuel container supported in inverted position over the distributingreceptacle and havin a discharge mouth extending into the distributing receptacle below the overflow openings thereof and which is adapted to be sealed by an accumulation of fuel within the distributing receptacle. t p

5. In-combinatioma supporting structure, a liquid fuel reservoir sustained thereby, a burner supported by said structure, a feed pipe leading from the reservoir to a point beyond the burner, the burner having connection with the pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, and a combined overflow and drain means connected to the pipe beyond the burner, said means and the fuel reservoir having overflow opemngs at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner.

6. In combination, a supportlng structure, a-liquid fuel reservoir sustained thereby, a burner supported by the structure, a feed pipe leadingfrom beyond the burner, the burner having connection with the pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, and an auxiliary reservoir connected to the pipe beyond the burner, the auxiliary and the first mentioned reservolrs having overflow openings at an elevation corresponding to ,the maximum fuel level in the burner.

7 In combination, a supporting structure, a liquid fuel reservoir sustained thereby, a burner supported by said structure, a feed ipe leadin from the reservoir to a polnt eyond the burner, the burner having conneetiori with the pipeso as to receive fuel the reservoir to a pointi adapted to be connected to the feed pipe,

the auxiliary and the first mentioned reservoirs having overflow openings at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner.

8. In combination, a supporting structure, a liquid fuel reservoir sustained thereby, a burner supported by said structure, a feed pipe leading from the reservoir to a point beyond the burner, the burner having connection with the pipeso as to receive fuel therefrom, a member designed for attachment tothe supporting structure, an auxiliary reservoir carried by said member, a pipe fitting connected to the reservoir and adapted to align with the feed pipe when said member is attached to the supporting structure, and a connection for securing together and establishing communication between said fitting and-the feed pipe, the auxiliary reservoir and the first mentioned reservoir having overflow openings atan elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner. v

9. In combination, a supporting structure,

a distributing receptacle sustained thereby,

a burner supported by said structure, a feed pipe leading from said receptacle to a point beyond'the burner, he burner having connection with the pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, a bracket for attachment to the supporting structure, a distributing receptacle carried by the bracket, a pipe fitting connected to said receptacle and adapted to align with the feed pipe when the bracket is applied to the structure, a connection for securing together and establishing communication between said fitting and the feed pipe,, the distributing receptacles having overflow openings at an elevationcorresponding to the maximum fuel level in the burner, and liquid fuel containers above the distributing receptacles and having discharge mouths projecting into said receptacles below the overflow openings thereof and which are adapted to be sealed by an accumulation of fuel within the receptacles.

10. In combination, a supporting structure, a distributing. receptacle sustained thereby, a burner supported by said structure, a feed pipe leading from said receptacle to a point beyond the burner, the burner having connection with the pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, a bracket for attachment to the supporting structure, a distributing receptacle carried by the bracket, a pipe fitting connected to said receptacle and adapted to align with the feed pipe when the bracket is applied to the structure, a connection for securing together and establishing communication between said fitting and the feed pipe, said fitting incorporati'ng drain means, the distributing receptacles having overflow openings at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level in'the burner, and liquid fuel containers above the distributing receptacles and having discharge mouths projecting ini to said receptacles below the overflow openings thereof and which are adapted to be sealed by an accumulation of fuel within the receptacle.

11. In combination, a supporting structure, a vdistributing receptacle sustained thereby, a burner supported: by said structure, a feed pipe leading from said recepta-' cle to a point beyondthe burner, the burner having connection with the pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom, a member for attachment to the supporting structure, a distributing receptacle carried by the member,

a pipe fitting connected to said receptacle and adapted to align with the feed pipe when the member is applied to the structure,

a connection for securing together and esdistance below the top, an end panel extending between the front and rear legs at one.

end of the stove and situated between the top and the base, a fuel supply pipe supported above the base and extending bevond the end panel, a liquid fuel reservoir wherewith the fitting connected to said reservoir and supply pipe'has connection, and a burner connected to the supply pipe so as to receive fuel therefrom; of an attachment adapted to, be applied to the end of the stove, said attachment consisting of a cross member the respective ends of which are adapted tobe engaged between the front and rear edges of the end panel and .the opposed portions of the adjacent legs, abrace depending from said cross member and designed to embrace the end portion of the base, a liquid fuel reservoir sustained by the bracket, a ipe aving a part that aligns with the fuel supply pipe when'the bracket is applied to the stove,

and a connection through which said pipe fitting and the supply pipe are secured together, the reservoirs having drain openings at an elevation corresponding to the maximum fuel level of the burner.

13. In combination, a supporting structure, a distributing receptacled sustained thereby, a burner supported by said structure, a feed pipe leading from said receptacle to theburner, a bracket for attachment to the supporting structure, a distributing receptacle carried by the bracket, the last mentioned distributing receptacle having means for cominunicatively connecting it with the feed pipe when the bracket is applied to the structure, and liquid fuel containers arranged above, and having discharge mouths projecting into said rece tacles and which are adapted to be scale by an accumulation of fuel within the receptacles.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

LEE s. GHADWICK. 

